When the amygdala is in overdrive with multiple, concurrent threats, chronic stress ensues. The focus is on that threat and no reasoning or learning can take place. An amygdala hijack can occur when a threat is detected and this region takes over the brain. Goleman states two vital areas of the brain are involved: the amygdala which is the trigger point of emotion and arousal, and the prefrontal cortex which helps in reasoning, inhibition and decision making. Concern arises when emotions are not controlled and self-management is not suitably developing. By first being aware of emotions and then managing them can lead to being focused and, thus, achievement of goals. The next domain, self management, is intrinsically tied to self awareness. Being aware of one’s internal state builds a stronger self awareness. Yet with this sour mood comes a greater ability to pay attention to detail, be skeptical, and ask probing questions. Goleman affirms that negatives moods tend to lessen the ability to focus and make sound decisions, stay on task, and create pessimistic bias. While being in a good mood is the general preferred state, negative moods elicit challenges and benefits. A disruptive emotional state impacts the processing of information and can be detrimental to learning. Any classroom teacher has seen an upset child unable to work or focus. One’s mood affects thoughts and decisions.
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Positive moods indicate increased creativity, problem solving, mental flexibility and efficiency in decision making. To be acutely aware, the mental stage needs to be set.
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The first concept of self awareness necessitates an enriching mood in order to process information.
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Based on his own and other leading scientists’ research, Goleman identifies the correlating brain areas and emotional traits to each of these domains. He lays out his Emotional Intelligence model comprised of four domains: Self Awareness, Self-Management, Social Awareness, and Relationship Management. Goleman uncovers the defining characteristics of EI, which separate it from general IQ. His book is ideal for educators trying to understand the emotional system of students as well as their own. Daniel Goleman is an expert in the area of Emotional Intelligence (EI).